Notes on the Interpretation of Bodhi(sattva)caryāvatāra V.104–106

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Notes on the Interpretation of Bodhi(sattva)caryāvatāra V.104–106
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It is well known that both the Bodhi(sattva)caryāvatāra (BSA/ BCA) and the Śikṣāsamuccaya (ŚS) have traditionally been ascribed to Śāntideva, primarily on the basis of the following two facts: First, as will be discussed below, BCA Chapter V.105 refers to the ŚS and emphasizes the importance of its repeated reading since correct conduct is, it says, therein explained in some detail. Secondly, in addition to most of the Indian commentaries on the BCA available either in Sanskrit or in Tibetan, Tibetan tradition also has no doubt about the authorship of both works.
       However, the situation recently changed when it became clear that the early version of BSA (BSA-I), which has so far been found only in the Tibetan manuscripts from Dūn-huáng, does not contain the above stanza and instead emphasizes the necessity of reading the so-called Nāgārjuna's Sūtrasamuccaya(SutraS).[1] In this connection, it has already been pointed out by Ishida [1988] [1993] [2001] that BSA-I and BCA are considerably different in their texts of the related verses, i.e. BCA, V.104–105 and BSA-I, IV.90–91. Comparing the corresponding stanzas of both versions, Ishida also confirmed that the text of the early version is probably more authentic in content than that of the later one. However, a few significant points yet remain to be discussed, especially with regard to the authorship and chronological order of BSA(BCA), ŚS and SūtraS. Having already dealt with this topic from the angle of the relationship between BSA(BCA) and ŚS[2], I will here confine myself to discussing the interpretation of BCA, V.104–106.

Notes
  1. For a reference to the three works, SūtraS, BSA(BCA) and ŚS, see under "Brief Reference".
  2. Cf. Saito[2001].
Citation
Saito, Akira. "Notes on the Interpretation of Bodhi(sattva)caryāvatāra V.104–106." In Gedenkschrift J. W. de Jong, edited by H. W. Bodewitz and Minoru Hara, 135–47. Tokyo: International Institute for Buddhist Studies, 2004.
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Classical WorksAbout this item
An "Introduction to Bodhisattva Practice," the Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra is a poem about the path of a bodhisattva, in ten chapters, written by the Indian Buddhist Śāntideva (fl. c. 685–763). One of the masterpieces of world literature, it is a core text of Mahāyāna Buddhism and continues to be taught, studied, and commented upon in many languages and by many traditions around the world. The main subject of the text is bodhicitta, the altruistic aspiration for enlightenment, and the path and practices of the bodhisattva, the six perfections (pāramitās). The text forms the basis of many contemporary discussions of Buddhist ethics and philosophy.