Akṣayamati's Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra as Found in the Tibetan Manuscripts from Dūn-huáng
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Akṣayamati's Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra as Found in the Tibetan Manuscripts from Dūn-huáng
Chapter in a Book
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Description
This article by Akira Saitō (斎藤明) examines Tibetan-language manuscripts of the Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra (Byang chub sems dpa'i spyod pa la 'jug pa) discovered at Dunhuang, focusing specifically on a version attributed to Akṣayamati rather than Śāntideva. The article investigates the textual position and literary context of this Dunhuang recension in relation to the standard received text.
The key points of the article are:
- Four Tibetan manuscript witnesses of the Bodhicaryāvatāra have been confirmed among the Dunhuang documents, held across the Pelliot and Stein collections
- The Dunhuang version attributed to Akṣayamati differs significantly from the standard Śāntideva recension, particularly in the number of chapters — the Dunhuang text has nine chapters rather than the standard ten, lacking a separate chapter on Prajñā (wisdom)
- Saitō carefully compares verse counts across chapters between the Dunhuang manuscripts and the standard Tibetan canonical edition, noting significant discrepancies
- The article examines the relationship between this nine-chapter version and Bu-ston's account of the textual history of the Bodhicaryāvatāra, as well as Tāranātha's account in his History of Buddhism in India
- The article concludes with detailed annotation and a bibliography of relevant secondary scholarship
It is a highly technical philological study of considerable relevance to BCA scholarship.
Citation
Saito, Akira. "Akṣayamati's Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra as Found in the Tibetan Manuscripts from Dūn-huáng." (In Japanese.) In Chibetto no Bukkyō to Shakai (Tibetan Buddhism and Society), edited by Zuihō Yamaguchi, 79-109. Tokyo: Shunjūsha, 1986.
Interconnections
1 Scholarship on
An "Introduction to Bodhisattva Practice," the Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra is a poem about the path of a bodhisattva, in ten chapters, written by the Indian Buddhist Śāntideva (fl. c. 685–763). One of the masterpieces of world literature, it is a core text of Mahāyāna Buddhism and continues to be taught, studied, and commented upon in many languages and by many traditions around the world. The main subject of the text is bodhicitta, the altruistic aspiration for enlightenment, and the path and practices of the bodhisattva, the six perfections (pāramitās). The text forms the basis of many contemporary discussions of Buddhist ethics and philosophy.
