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     |text=The two accumulations consist of merit (through virtuous practices like generosity and ethical discipline) and wisdom (through realizing emptiness and developing understanding), which respectively cause the Buddha's form body and truth body. The three higher trainings provide a sequential foundation: ethical discipline creates stability, concentration develops focused awareness, and wisdom penetrates ultimate reality. Bodhisattvas engage in these practices because their compassionate motivation extends beyond personal liberation—they must first attain complete buddhahood themselves, gaining both the omniscient mind and ability to appear to beings, before they can effectively guide all sentient beings toward enlightenment.
     |text=The two accumulations consist of merit and wisdom, which respectively cause the Buddha's form body and truth body. The three higher trainings provide a sequential foundation: ethical discipline creates stability, concentration develops focused awareness, and wisdom penetrates ultimate reality. Bodhisattvas engage in these practices because their compassionate motivation extends beyond personal liberation—they must first attain complete buddhahood themselves, gaining both the omniscient mind and ability to appear to beings, before they can effectively guide all sentient beings toward enlightenment.


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Having taken the bodhisattva vows, the Mahāyāna practitioner sets out on the journey along the path of the bodhisattva. The practices of the bodhisattva path can be explained by looking at them through many different lenses. For instance, they can be presented from the perspective of the two accumulations (''sambhāradvaya'', ''tshogs gnyis'')—that is, the accumulation of merit (''puṇyasambhāra'', ''bsod nams kyi tshogs'') and the  accumulation of wisdom (''jñānasambhāra'', ''ye shes kyi tshogs''). They can also be presented in the context of the three higher trainings (''adhiśikṣātraya'', ''lhag pa’i bslab pa gsum''), in the context of the practices of the six perfections (''ṣaṭpāramitā'', ''phar phyin drug''), or through the more extensive presentation of the ten perfections (''daśapāramitā'', ''phar phyin bcu''). Here, the practices of the bodhisattva path are primarily discussed in relation to the two accumulations and the three higher trainings, while a fuller discussion of the six perfections and ten perfections are discussed separately [https://bodhicitta.tsadra.org/index.php/Explore/The_Six_Perfections here].




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Revision as of 07:08, 2 August 2025


The Two Accumulations
Key Concepts


The two accumulations consist of merit and wisdom, which respectively cause the Buddha's form body and truth body. The three higher trainings provide a sequential foundation: ethical discipline creates stability, concentration develops focused awareness, and wisdom penetrates ultimate reality. Bodhisattvas engage in these practices because their compassionate motivation extends beyond personal liberation—they must first attain complete buddhahood themselves, gaining both the omniscient mind and ability to appear to beings, before they can effectively guide all sentient beings toward enlightenment.

Having taken the bodhisattva vows, the Mahāyāna practitioner sets out on the journey along the path of the bodhisattva. The practices of the bodhisattva path can be explained by looking at them through many different lenses. For instance, they can be presented from the perspective of the two accumulations (sambhāradvaya, tshogs gnyis)—that is, the accumulation of merit (puṇyasambhāra, bsod nams kyi tshogs) and the accumulation of wisdom (jñānasambhāra, ye shes kyi tshogs). They can also be presented in the context of the three higher trainings (adhiśikṣātraya, lhag pa’i bslab pa gsum), in the context of the practices of the six perfections (ṣaṭpāramitā, phar phyin drug), or through the more extensive presentation of the ten perfections (daśapāramitā, phar phyin bcu). Here, the practices of the bodhisattva path are primarily discussed in relation to the two accumulations and the three higher trainings, while a fuller discussion of the six perfections and ten perfections are discussed separately here.

Bibliography: Works on The Two Accumulations