Pratītyasamutpādasūtra

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Pratītyasamutpādasūtra
འཕགས་པ་རྟེན་ཅིང་འབྲེལ་བར་འབྱུང་བ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་མདོ
'phags pa rten cing 'brel bar 'byung ba zhes bya ba theg pa chen po'i mdo
The Noble Mahāyāna Sūtra on Dependent Arising (84000)
Text


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Description

While the Buddha is residing in the Realm of the Thirty-Three Gods with a retinue of deities, great hearers, and bodhisattvas, Avalokiteśvara asks the Buddha how beings can gain merit from building a stūpa. The Buddha responds by stating the Buddhist creed on dependent arising:
All phenomena that arise from causes,
The Tathāgata has taught their cause,
And that which is their cessation,
Thus has proclaimed the Great Renunciant.

The Buddha then explains that this dependent arising is the dharmakāya, and that whoever sees dependent arising sees the Buddha. He concludes the sūtra by saying that one should place these verses inside stūpas to attain the merit of Brahmā. (Source: 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha)

Interconnections
1 Recensions
Arya Salistamba Sutra Pratityasamutpadavibhanga Nirdesasutra and Pratityasamutpadagatha Sutra-front.jpg
Books1950About this item
The publication of the Śālistamba Sūtra along with other two Sūtras was planned long ago and commenced in October 1943 through the Bulletin and continued to appear through the issues of the Bulletin till May 1949. The acute paper shortage at the time of commencement, in 1943 did not allow the printing of sufficient number of copies to issue the work as a separate volume, though the entire body of the book, omitting of course the Introduction, etc., appeared in the Bulletin. In pursuance of the plan to issue the book separately, the whole matter had to be reprinted. In so reprinting, the main change I have introduced is the replacement of the reconstructed text of the Vibhaṅga Sūtra by the original one which escaped my notice at that time. I must apologize to my readers that no attempt was made to translate into English any of the texts, although I have given in the Introduction a short summary of the contents of the Śālistamba Sūtra. I have discussed there in full all such topics that would interest the scholars in the present context. Some information from epigraphical records in regard to the Buddha's worship and image are also culled in the Additional Notes (pp, 31-33). The Tibetan text which is presented in this volume is reproduced from the xylograph copy of the Kanjur collection in Narthang Edition preserved in the Adyar Library. Since no Peking Edition of the collection was available to me, I was not able to consult that edition in preparing my Tibetan text. Full particulars about the Chinese translations are supplied in the Introduction, IV. Index of the Tibetan-Sanskrit words is intended to cover only the authentic terms thus the terms from the last Sūtra are left unrecorded in the Index. I have likewise also prepared a Chinese Index of such technical terms, Since the facility for printing Chinese characters is not available at present, I have deferred it for a future occasion. (N. A. Sastri, preface, v–vi)
3 Full translations
Questioning the Buddha-front.jpg
Books2021About this item
In the forty-five years the Buddha spent traversing northern India, he shared his wisdom with everyone from beggar women to kings. Hundreds of his discourses, or sutras, were preserved by his followers, first orally and later in written form. Around thirteen hundred years after the Buddha’s enlightenment, the sutras were translated into the Tibetan language, where they have been preserved ever since. To date, only a fraction of these have been made available in English. Questioning the Buddha brings the reader directly into the literary treasure of the Tibetan canon with thoroughly annotated translations of twenty-five different sutras. Often these texts, many translated here in full for the first time, begin with an encounter in which someone poses a question to the Buddha.

Peter Skilling, an authority on early Buddhist epigraphy, archaeology, and textual traditions, has been immersed in the Buddhist scriptures of diverse traditions for nearly half a century. In this volume, he draws on his deep and extensive research to render these ancient teachings in a fresh and precise language. His introduction is a fascinating history of the Buddhist sutras, including the transition from oral to written form, the rise of Mahayana literature, the transmission to Tibet, the development of canons, and a look at some of the pioneers of sutra study in the West.

Sutras included in this volume are: Four Dharmas Not to Be Taken for Granted; The Benefits of Giving; The Exposition of Four Dharmas; The Merit of the Three Refuges; Four Dharmas Never to Be Abandoned; Advice for Bodhisatva Dharmaketu; Advice for Bodhisatva Jayamati; Sūtra Comparing Bodhicitta to Gold; Bodhisatva Maitreya’s Question about the Gift of the Dharma; Four Summaries of the Dharma Spoken to the Nāga King Sāgara; The Stanza of Dependent Arising; The Heart Formula of Dependent Arising; Prediction of the Boy Brahmaśrī’s Future Buddhahood; Kṣemavatī’s Prediction to Future Buddhahood; The City Beggar Woman; An Old Woman’s Questions about Birth and Death; The Questions of Śrīmatī the Brahman Woman; The Questions of the Laywoman Gaṅgottarā; Brahmā Sahāṃpati’s Question; Advice to King Prasenajit; Passage to the Next Life; Instructions for King Bimbisāra; Instructions for King Udayana; Buddhas as Rare as a Grain of Golden Sand; and Predictions on the Eve of the Great Final Nirvāṇa. (Source: Wisdom Experience)
The Blaze of Non-Dual Bodhicittas-front.png
Books2019About this item
The initial idea for this study, reflection and meditation manual took seed in 2004, when I first started to translate for His Holiness the Dalai Lama. I found many of the Nalanda texts frequently taught by His Holiness to be very useful; it occurred to me that a compilation of these in the English language would greatly benefit many seekers who might otherwise lack the opportunity to access them. It is only now, after many years of sharing the working drafts of this manual at Tibet House in New Delhi, as well as in many other places that the idea has finally come to fruition.

The book is divided into five parts:

I. Daily Recitation and Practice
II. Selected Texts for Study, Reflection and Meditation
III. Additional Prayers, Vows and Commitments
IV. Daily Dedication Prayers
V. Appendix

Part I and Part IV serve as a useful guide for all, who have an inclination towards dharma practice, but do not know how to start and design a daily practice session. It is also useful for those seekers who might be misguided and surmise that dharma practice comprises only of mantra recitation and so forth, thereby missing its essence.

Part II helps strengthen the practitioner’s dharma practice on the basis of selected compositions of great scholars and yogis. The actual breakthrough in the mental transformation happens through changes in the thought process, for which study and reflection are the cornerstones. Any of these profound texts and short extracts may be selected for study, reflection or meditation, on an on-going basis.

Part III reinforces and rejuvenates dharma practice and to that end, may be undertaken on a regular or occasional basis.

Part V introduces the reader to meditation practices, both shamatha (calm abiding) and vipasyana (special insight), including meditation on the breath, as well as methods to cultivate Bodhicitta and the wisdom of emptiness. While there are many texts on the wisdom of emptiness, the meditation included here is designed for all those who are not thoroughly introduced to this subject and still want to familiarise and habituate themselves with the wisdom of emptiness.

Brief notes, Endnotes and Glossary have been added to help the readers unfold the meanings of the texts with ease. (preface, xiv–xv)
The Sutra on Dependent Arising 84000-front.jpg
Books2025About this item
While the Buddha is residing in the Realm of the Thirty-Three Gods with a retinue of deities, great hearers, and bodhisattvas, Avalokiteśvara asks the Buddha how beings can gain merit from building a stūpa. The Buddha responds by stating the Buddhist creed on dependent arising:
All phenomena that arise from causes,
The Tathāgata has taught their cause,
And that which is their cessation,
Thus has proclaimed the Great Renunciant.
The Buddha then explains that this dependent arising is the dharmakāya, and that whoever sees dependent arising sees the Buddha. He concludes the sūtra by saying that one should place these verses inside stūpas to attain the merit of Brahmā.
4 A topic of
Questioning the Buddha-front.jpg
Books2021About this item
In the forty-five years the Buddha spent traversing northern India, he shared his wisdom with everyone from beggar women to kings. Hundreds of his discourses, or sutras, were preserved by his followers, first orally and later in written form. Around thirteen hundred years after the Buddha’s enlightenment, the sutras were translated into the Tibetan language, where they have been preserved ever since. To date, only a fraction of these have been made available in English. Questioning the Buddha brings the reader directly into the literary treasure of the Tibetan canon with thoroughly annotated translations of twenty-five different sutras. Often these texts, many translated here in full for the first time, begin with an encounter in which someone poses a question to the Buddha.

Peter Skilling, an authority on early Buddhist epigraphy, archaeology, and textual traditions, has been immersed in the Buddhist scriptures of diverse traditions for nearly half a century. In this volume, he draws on his deep and extensive research to render these ancient teachings in a fresh and precise language. His introduction is a fascinating history of the Buddhist sutras, including the transition from oral to written form, the rise of Mahayana literature, the transmission to Tibet, the development of canons, and a look at some of the pioneers of sutra study in the West.

Sutras included in this volume are: Four Dharmas Not to Be Taken for Granted; The Benefits of Giving; The Exposition of Four Dharmas; The Merit of the Three Refuges; Four Dharmas Never to Be Abandoned; Advice for Bodhisatva Dharmaketu; Advice for Bodhisatva Jayamati; Sūtra Comparing Bodhicitta to Gold; Bodhisatva Maitreya’s Question about the Gift of the Dharma; Four Summaries of the Dharma Spoken to the Nāga King Sāgara; The Stanza of Dependent Arising; The Heart Formula of Dependent Arising; Prediction of the Boy Brahmaśrī’s Future Buddhahood; Kṣemavatī’s Prediction to Future Buddhahood; The City Beggar Woman; An Old Woman’s Questions about Birth and Death; The Questions of Śrīmatī the Brahman Woman; The Questions of the Laywoman Gaṅgottarā; Brahmā Sahāṃpati’s Question; Advice to King Prasenajit; Passage to the Next Life; Instructions for King Bimbisāra; Instructions for King Udayana; Buddhas as Rare as a Grain of Golden Sand; and Predictions on the Eve of the Great Final Nirvāṇa. (Source: Wisdom Experience)
Testi Buddhisti in Sanscrito-front.jpg
Books1983About this item
A compilation of fourteen Sanskrit Buddhist texts translated into Italian, including the Bodhicaryāvatāra. Edited by Raniero Gnoli.
The Sutra on Dependent Arising 84000-front.jpg
Books2025About this item
While the Buddha is residing in the Realm of the Thirty-Three Gods with a retinue of deities, great hearers, and bodhisattvas, Avalokiteśvara asks the Buddha how beings can gain merit from building a stūpa. The Buddha responds by stating the Buddhist creed on dependent arising:
All phenomena that arise from causes,
The Tathāgata has taught their cause,
And that which is their cessation,
Thus has proclaimed the Great Renunciant.
The Buddha then explains that this dependent arising is the dharmakāya, and that whoever sees dependent arising sees the Buddha. He concludes the sūtra by saying that one should place these verses inside stūpas to attain the merit of Brahmā.
Arya Salistamba Sutra Pratityasamutpadavibhanga Nirdesasutra and Pratityasamutpadagatha Sutra-front.jpg
Books1950About this item
The publication of the Śālistamba Sūtra along with other two Sūtras was planned long ago and commenced in October 1943 through the Bulletin and continued to appear through the issues of the Bulletin till May 1949. The acute paper shortage at the time of commencement, in 1943 did not allow the printing of sufficient number of copies to issue the work as a separate volume, though the entire body of the book, omitting of course the Introduction, etc., appeared in the Bulletin. In pursuance of the plan to issue the book separately, the whole matter had to be reprinted. In so reprinting, the main change I have introduced is the replacement of the reconstructed text of the Vibhaṅga Sūtra by the original one which escaped my notice at that time. I must apologize to my readers that no attempt was made to translate into English any of the texts, although I have given in the Introduction a short summary of the contents of the Śālistamba Sūtra. I have discussed there in full all such topics that would interest the scholars in the present context. Some information from epigraphical records in regard to the Buddha's worship and image are also culled in the Additional Notes (pp, 31-33). The Tibetan text which is presented in this volume is reproduced from the xylograph copy of the Kanjur collection in Narthang Edition preserved in the Adyar Library. Since no Peking Edition of the collection was available to me, I was not able to consult that edition in preparing my Tibetan text. Full particulars about the Chinese translations are supplied in the Introduction, IV. Index of the Tibetan-Sanskrit words is intended to cover only the authentic terms thus the terms from the last Sūtra are left unrecorded in the Index. I have likewise also prepared a Chinese Index of such technical terms, Since the facility for printing Chinese characters is not available at present, I have deferred it for a future occasion. (N. A. Sastri, preface, v–vi)