Śāntideva's Statement about Confession
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Articles/Śāntideva's Statement about Confession
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Śāntideva's Statement about Confession
Chapter in a Book
- A Fearless Heart
- A Flash of Lightning in the Dark of Night
- A Mahāyāna Liturgy
- A Study of the Ṡikṣasamuccaya of Āchārya Shāntideva
- Aspekte der Schulung in der Laufbahn eines Bodhisattva
- Aspekte der Schulung in der Laufbahn eines Bodhisattva-Review by de Jong
- Becoming Bodhisattvas
- Bhadracaryāvidhi in the Śikṣāsamuccaya Chapt. 16
- Bodhicaryāvatāra and Tibetan Mind Training (Lojong)
- Bodhicitta: Cultivating the Compassionate Mind of Enlightenment
- Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra: Exposition de la pratique des bodhisattvas
- Buddhist Ethics (2003)
- Comparative Confession: A Comparative Study of Confession in the Writings of Tertullian, Cassian, and Śāntideva
- Courageous Compassion
- Das Ritual der Entschlussfassung im Bodhicaryāvatāra (Kap. II und III)
- Demandingness, Self-Interest and Benevolence in Santideva's Introduction to the Practice of Awakening (Bodhicaryavatara)
- Ethical Revaluation in the Thought of Śāntideva
- Features of Śraddhā in the Śikṣāsamuccaya
- Following in the Buddha's Footsteps
- For the Benefit of All Beings
- From the Profound View of the Ultimate to Everyday Practice: Tokme Zangpo's Integration of Śāntideva's Teachings into Mind Training
- In Praise of Great Compassion
- Mapping the Bodhicaryāvatāra
- Mental Purification (Blo sbyong): A Native Tibetan Genre of Religious Literature
- MindFulness in Santideva's Siksasamuccaya
- Moral Theory in Śāntideva's Śikṣāsamuccaya
- Moral Theory in Śāntideva's Śikṣāsamuccaya-Review by Osto
- Moral Theory in Śāntideva's Śikṣāsamuccaya: Cultivating the Fruits of Virtue-Review by Goodman
- No Time to Lose
- Notes on the Deśanā-ritual in the Bodhicaryāvatāra: Evidence of Its Revision
- Of the Progresse of the Bodhisattva
- Of the Progresse of the Bodhisattva: The Bodhisattvamārga in the Śikṣāsamuccaya
- One Aspect of the Acceptance of the Bodhisattva-śīla in Tibet
- Perfecting Patience
- Performing Text as Practice: Rdza Dpal sprul's Practice Manual on the Bodhi(sattva)caryāvatāra
- Plant Seed, Pull Weed
- Readings of Śāntideva's Guide to Bodhisattva Practice
- Readings of Śāntideva's Guide to Bodhisattva Practice-Review by Harris
- Ritual Structure and Material Culture in the Guide to Bodhisattva Practice
- Seeing from All Sides
- Self-Protection through Mindfulness, Śāntideva
- Seven Important Points (Marmasthāna) in the Śikṣāsamuccaya
- Suffering Made Sufferable: Śāntideva, Dzongkaba, and Modern Therapeutic Approaches to Suffering's Silver Lining
- The Awakening Mind (Tsering 2008)
- The Bodhisattva Doctrine in Buddhist Sanskrit Literature
- The Bodhisattva Guide
- The Buddhist Roots of Secular Compassion Training: A Comparative Study of Compassion Cultivation in Indian and Tibetan Mahāyāna Sources with the Contemporary Secular Program of Compassion Cultivation Training (CCT)
- The Case of the Vanishing Poet: New Light on Śāntideva and the Śikṣā-samuccaya
- The Concept of Bodhicitta in Santideva's Bodhicaryavatara
- The Concept of Bodhicitta in Śāntideva's Bodhicaryāvatāra-Review by Edelglass
- The Concept of Bodhicitta in Śāntideva's Bodhicaryāvatāra-Review by Tatz
- The Contrasts between the Bodhisattvayāna and the Śrāvakayāna in the Śikṣāsamuccaya's Theory of Bodhicitta
- The Relationship between Morality and the Body in Monastic Training according to the Śikṣāsamuccaya
- The Training Anthology of Śāntideva
- The Triskandha, Practice in Three Parts: Study of an Early Mahāyāna Buddhist Ritual
- Uncommon Happiness
- Virtuous Bodies
- Śikṣāsamuccaya (Anthology of Instruction)
- Śāntideva (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
- Śāntideva and the Moral Psychology of Fear
- Śāntideva's Statement about Confession
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Description
Since the very constitution of the Sangha in Buddhism, confession has been an important act to perform as the way of purification for attaining spiritual progress. In the Vinayapitaka we read that every fifteen days the monks have to accomplish the practice of public confession during the ceremony of the uposatha, when the monks recite the list of articles that enumerate all the possible sins (pratimoksa), and obstacles to liberation. On this occasion the sinners have to admit their faults before the whole congregation, and receive a penance proportionate to the committed transgression. Such a penance can go as far as the expulsion of the guilty from the religious order. It is even recorded in the texts of Hinayāna that at times, besides the public confession as a fixed rule, a monk may feel the need for a private confession to one monk. a master, as a step in the discipline of perfection.
Śāntideva's statement about confession puts the accent on the importance of this last type of self-accusation as an urgent need of a person who has entered into the path towards the bodhi. In the presence of all the Buddhas and the Bodhisattvas he acknowledges his misdeeds with a sincere feeling of repentance and strong purpose of never committing them again. This matter is treated in the second chapter of the Bodhicaryāvatāra (w. 27–66), entitled simply "pāpadeśana", and in the Śikṣāsamuccaya, particularly in the eighth chapter named "pāpasódhana". There sins are examined together with their causes. lgnorance (avidyā), wrong appreciation of the value of life, of persons, and of feelings, are the motivations of faults, as well as such causes as thirst (tṛṣṇā) and clinging (upādāna). The sequence of the confession, according to Śāntideva as well as in the tradition, is normally as follows. First of all, it has to be made after the confession of one's offenses against the three jewels (triratna) and after the ones perpetrated against every person who is superior by virtue of culture, age or relation. It has to come after the denunciation of all the contracted vices, and the consideration that all the sins have had origin in the violation of the word of the Buddha. Inevitably they produce sufferings, which means to remain in saṃsāra. After having examined all the types of faults and their sad consequences, the sinners conclude their confession with the promise of avoiding evil for the future and of accomplishing good. (Pezzali, "Śāntideva's Statement about Confession," 134-35)
Śāntideva's statement about confession puts the accent on the importance of this last type of self-accusation as an urgent need of a person who has entered into the path towards the bodhi. In the presence of all the Buddhas and the Bodhisattvas he acknowledges his misdeeds with a sincere feeling of repentance and strong purpose of never committing them again. This matter is treated in the second chapter of the Bodhicaryāvatāra (w. 27–66), entitled simply "pāpadeśana", and in the Śikṣāsamuccaya, particularly in the eighth chapter named "pāpasódhana". There sins are examined together with their causes. lgnorance (avidyā), wrong appreciation of the value of life, of persons, and of feelings, are the motivations of faults, as well as such causes as thirst (tṛṣṇā) and clinging (upādāna). The sequence of the confession, according to Śāntideva as well as in the tradition, is normally as follows. First of all, it has to be made after the confession of one's offenses against the three jewels (triratna) and after the ones perpetrated against every person who is superior by virtue of culture, age or relation. It has to come after the denunciation of all the contracted vices, and the consideration that all the sins have had origin in the violation of the word of the Buddha. Inevitably they produce sufferings, which means to remain in saṃsāra. After having examined all the types of faults and their sad consequences, the sinners conclude their confession with the promise of avoiding evil for the future and of accomplishing good. (Pezzali, "Śāntideva's Statement about Confession," 134-35)
Citation
Pezzali, Amalia. "Śāntideva's Statement about Confession." In Guilt or Pollution and Rites of Purification. Vol. 2 of Proceedings of the XIth International Congress of the International Association for the History of Religions, Claremont, CA, Sep. 6–11, 1965, edited by Herbert W. Schneider and B. A. van Proosdij, 134–35. Leiden, Neth.: Brill, 1968.
Interconnections
1 Scholarship on
An "Introduction to Bodhisattva Practice," the Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra is a poem about the path of a bodhisattva, in ten chapters, written by the Indian Buddhist Śāntideva (fl. c. 685–763). One of the masterpieces of world literature, it is a core text of Mahāyāna Buddhism and continues to be taught, studied, and commented upon in many languages and by many traditions around the world. The main subject of the text is bodhicitta, the altruistic aspiration for enlightenment, and the path and practices of the bodhisattva, the six perfections (pāramitās). The text forms the basis of many contemporary discussions of Buddhist ethics and philosophy.
