Translation Memory:012-Tsadra-BCA-Com-Great Hum/1190

012-Tsadra-BCA-Com-Great_Hum/1190 ID: 012-Tsadra-BCA-Com-Great_Hum <br> Date: 11 September 2025 <br> Creator: Gwen;Karma Jurmay, Ishwor <br> Origin: Tsadra Foundation

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English	This root downfall and the second defeat of forsaking the doctrines of the śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas are different. The latter is to reject the Dharma of scripture while this one is to reject the Dharma of realization. How they are forsaken is also different: the latter is to reject it by saying that the Buddha did not teach it; the former is to reject it by saying that a śrāvaka’s and pratyekabuddha’s Dharma of realization is incapable of eliminating afflictions, thus saying that it cannot sever the root of existence and thereby is unable to bring one out of cyclic existence. This root downfall can be internally divided into the root downfall of denigrating the Hīnayāna in general and that of denigrating both the vehicles of the śrāvakas and the pratyekabuddhas.
RootTextChapterNum	4
SegmentFormat	Commentary
SourcePageNumber	143
SourceSabcheNumber	4.1.1.2.2.3.2.1.1.2
SourceSegmentOrder	1190
Tibetan	ཕམ་པ་གཉིས་པའི་ཉན་རང་གི་ཆོས་སྤངས་པ་དང་རྩ་ལྟུང་འདི་གཉིས་མི་འདྲ་སྟེ་སྔ་མ་ལུང་གི་ཆོས་སྤངས་པ་དང་འདི་རྟོགས་པའི་ཆོས་སྤངས་པ་ཡིན་པ་དང༌། སྤོང་ཚུལ་ཡང་སྔ་མ་སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱིས་མ་གསུངས་སོ་ཞེས་སྤོང་བ་ཡིན་ལ་འདི་ཉན་རང་གི་རྟོགས་པའི་ཆོས་ཀྱིས་ཉོན་མོངས་སྤོངས་མི་ནུས་པས་སྲིད་པའི་ཟླ་བ་གཅོད་མི་ནུས་ལ་དེས་ན་འཁོར་བ་ལས་འབྱུང་མི་ནུས་ཞེས་སྤོང་བ་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །རྩ་ལྟུང་འདི་ལ་ནང་གསེས་ཀྱིས་ཕྱེ་ན་ཉན་རང་གི་ཐེག་པ་གཉིས་དང་ཐེག་དམན་སྤྱི་ལ་སྐུར་བའི་རྩ་ལྟུང་ངོ༌། །
TranslationChapter	4
TranslationChapterSubsection	Defeats from the Ākāśagarbha Sūtra
TranslationPageNumber	218
Wylie	pham pa gnyis pa'i nyan rang gi chos spangs pa dang rtsa ltung 'di gnyis mi 'dra ste snga ma lung gi chos spangs pa dang 'di rtogs pa'i chos spangs pa yin pa dang*/_spong tshul yang snga ma sangs rgyas kyis ma gsungs so zhes spong ba yin la 'di nyan rang gi rtogs pa'i chos kyis nyon mongs spongs mi nus pas srid pa'i zla ba gcod mi nus la des na 'khor ba las 'byung mi nus zhes spong ba yin pa'i phyir ro/_/ rtsa ltung 'di la nang gses kyis phye na nyan rang gi theg pa gnyis dang theg dman spyi la skur ba'i rtsa ltung ngo*/_/
ChantedAudio

Alignment info

Parameter	Value
AuthorLabel	Kunzang Sönam 1823 - 1905
DuplicateRootTranslation	false
RootTextWikiPage	Bodhicaryāvatāra
ShortTitle	Duckworth 2025
SourceAuthor	People/Mi nyag kun bzang bsod nams
SourceCitation	Mi nyag kun bzang bsod nams. Spyod ʼjug gi ʼgrel bshad rgyal sras yon tan bum bzang. Par gzhi dang po. 1 vol. Gangs can shes rig gi nying bcud. Pe cin: Krung goʼi bod kyi shes rig dpe skrun khang, 1990.
SourcePublishedYear	1990
SourceShortTitle	Kunzang Sönam, 1990
SourceTitleTibetan	སྤྱོད་འཇུག་གི་འགྲེལ་བཤད་རྒྱལ་སྲས་ཡོན་ཏན་བུམ་བཟང།
SourceTitleWylie	spyod ʼjug gi ʼgrel bshad rgyal sras yon tan bum bzang
SourceVersionLabel	Minyak Kunzang Sönam (1823 - 1905)
SourceWikiPage	Books/Spyod 'jug gi 'grel bshad rgyal sras yon tan bum bzang (Krung go'i bod kyi shes rig dpe skrun khang 1990)
TranslationCitation	Duckworth, Douglas, trans. The Great Hūṃ: A Commentary on Śāntideva's Way of the Bodhisattva. By Minyak Kunzang Sönam. New York, NY: Wisdom Publications, 2025.
TranslationPublishedYear	2025
TranslationWikiPage	Books/The Great Hūṃ
Translator	People/Duckworth, D.
TransMemCreator	Gwen;Karma Jurmay, Ishwor
TransMemDate	11 September 2025
TransMemID	012-Tsadra-BCA-Com-Great_Hum
TransMemNum	012
TransMemOrigin	Tsadra Foundation
TransMemType	Commentary

Śrāvaka - The disciples of the Buddha who aspire to attain individual liberation or nirvāṇa. The final goal of the Hearers is to become an arhat, a state in which one has totally eliminated the inner problems of attachment, hatred and ignorance, the main causes for rebirth in this cycle of existence. There are four stages of a śrāvaka path including eight phases. Skt श्रावक  Tib ཉན་ཐོས།  Ch 聲聞  

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Pratyekabuddha - Pratyekabuddhas are saints who, in their last birth in the cycle of existence, are said to become enlightened through solitary practice on the nature of dependent ordination. These saints are said to appear when there is no buddha around and work either alone or in small groups. Skt प्रत्येकबुद्ध  Tib རང་སངས་རྒྱས།;རང་རྒྱལ།  Ch 緣覺  

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Śrāvaka - The disciples of the Buddha who aspire to attain individual liberation or nirvāṇa. The final goal of the Hearers is to become an arhat, a state in which one has totally eliminated the inner problems of attachment, hatred and ignorance, the main causes for rebirth in this cycle of existence. There are four stages of a śrāvaka path including eight phases. Skt श्रावक  Tib ཉན་ཐོས།  Ch 聲聞  

Go to the page with the definition of 'śrāvaka'

Pratyekabuddha - Pratyekabuddhas are saints who, in their last birth in the cycle of existence, are said to become enlightened through solitary practice on the nature of dependent ordination. These saints are said to appear when there is no buddha around and work either alone or in small groups. Skt प्रत्येकबुद्ध  Tib རང་སངས་རྒྱས།;རང་རྒྱལ།  Ch 緣覺  

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Kleśa - Often referred to as poisons, these are a class of disturbing or disruptive emotional states that, when aroused, negatively affect or taint the mind. Skt क्लेश  Tib ཉོན་མོངས་  Ch 煩惱  

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Hīnayāna - The mainstream teachings and the early schools of Buddhism which primarily taught individual liberation through practice-focused renunciation and monasticism, considered lesser than the later movement of the Greater Vehicle (Mahāyāna), which professed enlightenment for all sentient beings and promoted compassion. Skt हीनयान  Tib ཐེག་དམན།  Ch 小乘  

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Sūtra - Sūtras mainly refer to the discourses delivered by the Buddha and his disciples, and the Sūtra corpus is one of the three main sets of teachings which form the Buddhist canon. Skt सूत्र  Tib མདོ།  Ch 佛经  

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Kleśa - Often referred to as poisons, these are a class of disturbing or disruptive emotional states that, when aroused, negatively affect or taint the mind. Skt क्लेश  Tib ཉོན་མོངས་  Ch 煩惱  

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Śāntideva (ཞི་བ་ལྷ་). Bodhicaryāvatāra [बोधिचर्यावतार]. byang chub sems dpa'i spyod pa la 'jug pa [བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་སྤྱོད་པ་ལ་འཇུག་པ།]. [The Way of the Bodhisattva]. Tengyur, RKTST 3216 http://www.rkts.org/cat.php?id=3216&typ=2.

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Gzhi - The foundational basis of both saṃsāra and nirvāṇa. It is often used as a synonym for tathāgatagarbha and dharmadhātu. Skt भूमि  Tib གཞི་  

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Bodhisattva - A person who seeks enlightenment for the sake of others. In Mahāyāna Buddhism, a bodhisattva is a compassionate being who is training on the path to buddhahood and aspires to eliminate the suffering of all beings and take all sentient beings to the state of enlightenment. The Mahāyāna sūtras including those on buddha-nature generally have bodhisattvas as the main audience or interlocutors for the Buddha's discourses. Skt बोधिसत्त्व  Tib བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ།  Ch 菩薩  

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