A Preliminary Report on a Palm-leaf Manuscript of Prajñākaramati's Bodhicaryāvatārapañjikā (1)

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A Preliminary Report on a Palm-leaf Manuscript of Prajñākaramati's Bodhicaryāvatārapañjikā (1)
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Description

The Bodhicaryāvatārapañjikā (BCAP) composed by Prajñākaramati (c. 10–11th century) is the only officially published Sanskrit commentary on Śāntideva’s renown Bodhicaryāvatāra (BCA). Since the critical edition of BCAP was published in the early 20th century by Louis de La Vallée Poussin (1914), it has been carefully studied by many scholars. However, this early critical edition of BCAP is far from perfect. According to de La Vallée Poussin's "Introduction," the critical edition is based on two Sanskrit manuscripts, noting that: "The first is in the Nepalese character and contains (with several large lacunae) the whole of the work; the second, in the Maithili character, contains only the commentary on the ninth chapter." This means that the first eight chapters of his edition of the BCAP are based only on a problematic Nepalese manuscript. There are therefore significant lacunae in the commentaries to the BCA's verses: 1.1, 3.22–33, 4.1–45, 8.18–22, 8.24–25, 8.40–47, and 8.108–186, as well as many smaller textual lacunae and unreadable passages scattered throughout the whole text which ultimately have hindered the exhaustive study of the text as a whole.

With the recent discovery of a BCAP Sanskrit palm-leaf manuscript in the Tibetan Autonomous Region, further study of the BCAP has become possible.[1] This newly discovered palm-leaf manuscript measures around 32.1*6.2cm in size and is catalogued as ZX0617–ZB20 in the facsimile edition. Each page generally contains six or seven lines in black ink with space for a string hole slightly left of the center. Its scripts are mainly written in the Proto-Bengali style. Even considering that the same scribe would write in a different hand depending on circumstances—e.g., the script would change if he was in a hurry to finish the day’s transcription, etc.— we can identify the handwriting of at least three scribes in this palm-leaf manuscript. One of them would have copied the leaf of a Saṃghāṭasūtra manuscript (folio 71ab) that was inserted—probably by accident—into the BCAP. The other two scribes who copied the BCAP differ not only in the neatness of their writing as well as in the embellishment of akṣaras, but also in their unique choice of fonts. For example, Scribe A who copied the majority of the manuscript tends to use la in the typical Proto-Bengali style, although sometimes with a transitional form, while Scribe B tends to write la (91A1) in the Nāgarī style. The ca of the former is in the Nāgarī style, while the ca (92A1) of the latter is generally in the Proto-Bengali style. A closer study of their paleographical features will be done in the future. (Wang, et al., introduction, 97-98)

Citation
Wang, Junqi, Lan Fang, Juan Liao, and Ting Gao. "A Preliminary Report on a Palm-leaf Manuscript of Prajñākaramati's Bodhicaryāvatārapañjikā (1)." Journal of Buddhist Studies 19 (2022): 97–119.
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Classical WorksAbout this item
Written by Prajñākaramati (950–1030), the Bodhicaryāvatārapañjikā is considered to be the most important Indian commentary on the Bodhicaryāvatāraby Śāntideva. This commentary explains the words in the verses (tshig 'grel), with additional commentaries on difficult points. Excluding The Dedication Chapter, it has only nine chapters.