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From Bodhicitta
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G
Gaerrang (Kabzung) works as an Associate Professor at the College of History and Culture of Sichuan University (Chengdu) and is affiliated to the Center for Tibetan studies. His research interests include development, religious movements, and environmental change in pastoral communities of southeastern Tibet. He has published articles in international academic journals, including ''Journal of Asian Studies'', ''Conservation and Society'', ''Revue d’Études Tibétaines'', and ''Area''. +
Patrick John Gaffney (born 6 February 1949) is an English author, editor, translator, and teacher of Tibetan Buddhism who studied at the University of Cambridge. He was one of the main directors and teachers of Rigpa—the international network of Buddhist centres and groups founded by Sogyal Rinpoche.
Together with Andrew Harvey, Gaffney was the co-editor of Sogyal Rinpoche's book ''The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying''. He has also edited two of the Dalai Lama's books, ''Dzogchen: The Heart Essence of the Great Perfection'' and ''Mind in Comfort and Ease: The Vision of Enlightenment in the Great Perfection''.
Also a written translator of teachings from Tibetan into English, he translated the Bodhichitta chapter of ''A Guide to the Words of My Perfect Teacher'' by Khenpo Ngawang Pelzang under the auspices of the Dipamkara and Padmakara Translation Groups. He is also the senior editor of the Rigpa Translation group. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Gaffney_(Buddhist) Adapted from Source Mar 3, 2025]) +
Losang Choephel Ganchenpa trained at the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics and has worked as a Buddhist translator for over a decade, first at the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, Dharamsala, and later in Australia. (Source: ''Stages of Meditation: The Buddhist Classic on Training the Mind'', viii) +
Jonardon Ganeri is Global Network Professor, Faculty of Arts and Science, New York University, Visiting Professor of Philosophy at King's College London, and Professorial Research Associate at the School of Oriental and African Studies, London. His research interests are in consciousness, self, attention, the epistemology of inquiry, the idea of philosophy as a practice and its relationship with literary form, case-based reasoning, multiple-category ontologies, non-classical logics, realism in the theory of meaning, the history of ideas in early modern South Asia, the polycentricity of modernity, cosmopolitanism, and cross-cultural hermeneutics, intellectual affinities between India, Greece, and China, and early Buddhist philosophy of mind. His books include ''Attention, Not Self'' (Oxford University Press, 2017); ''The Self: Naturalism, Consciousness, and the First-Person Stance'' (Oxford University Press, 2012); ''The Lost Age of Reason: Philosophy in Early Modern India 1450–1700'' (Oxford University Press, 2011); ''The Concealed Art of the Soul'' (Oxford University Press, 2007); and ''Philosophy in Classical India: The Proper Work of Reason'' (Routledge, 2001). He is a Fellow of the British Academy, and laureate of the Infosys Prize in the Humanities 2015. He has been named by Open Magazine one of India's "50 Open Minds" in 2016. (Source: ''The Oxford Handbook of Indian Philosophy'', xi) +
Ting Gao is a doctoral student in the School of Business Sciences, Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Tsukuba. +
Garchen Rinpoche, Konchog Gyaltsen (mgar chen dkon mchog rgyal mtshan, b. 1949), is a master of the Drigung Kagyu tradition. By the time he finally left Tibet in the 1990s, he had spent twenty-three years imprisoned by the Chinese. Of his time in prison, twenty years were spent in the company of his teacher, Khenpo Munsel (mkhan po mun sel, 1916-1994). Since coming out of Tibet, he has been tirelessly teaching throughout the world. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond) +
Jay L. Garfield chairs the Philosophy department and directs Smith’s logic and Buddhist studies programs and the Five College Tibetan Studies in India program. He is also visiting professor of Buddhist philosophy at Harvard Divinity School, professor of philosophy at Melbourne University and adjunct professor of philosophy at the Central University of Tibetan Studies.
Garfield’s research addresses topics in the foundations of cognitive science and the philosophy of mind; the history of Indian philosophy during the colonial period; topics in ethics, epistemology and the philosophy of logic; methodology in cross-cultural interpretation; and topics in Buddhist philosophy, particularly Indo-Tibetan Madhyamaka and Yogācāra.
Garfield’s most recent books are ''Getting Over Ourselves: How to be a Person Without a Self'' (2022), ''Knowing Illusion: Bringing a Tibetan Debate into Contemporary Discourse'' (with the Yakherds 2021, Buddhist Ethics: A Philosophical Exploration (2021), ̛What Can’t Be Said: Paradox and Contradiction in East Asian Thought (with Yasuo Deguchi, Graham Priest, and Robert Sharf 2021), The Concealed Influence of Custom: Hume’s Treatise From the Inside Out (OUP 2019), ''Minds Without Fear: Philosophy in the Indian Renaissance'' (with Nalini Bhushan, 2017), ''Dignāga’s Investigation of the Percept: A Philosophical Legacy in India and Tibet'' (with Douglas Duckworth, David Eckel, John Powers, Yeshes Thabkhas and Sonam Thakchöe, 2016) ''Engaging Buddhism: Why it Matters to Philosophy'' (2015), ''Moonpaths: Ethics and Emptiness'' (with the Cowherds, 2015) and (edited, with Jan Westerhoff), ''Madhyamaka and Yogācāra: Allies or Rivals?'' (2015). ([https://jaygarfield.org/cv/ Source Accessed on January 19, 2024])
:Doris Silbert Professor in the Humanities and Professor of Philosophy
:Department of Philosophy Smith College Northampton, MA 01063 USA +
Linda Gatter has received teachings from Lama Yeshe, Lama Zopa Rinpoche and many other great Tibetan lamas since 1978. From 1997–98 she was co-director of Land of Medicine Buddha, California. She began editing books for the LYWA in 1998 and since 2000 has been the Media Manager for Maitreya Project International. (Source: ''The Kindness of Others'', 2006) +
Gautama Prajñāruci (Jutan Boreliuzhi 瞿曇般若流支, fl. 538–543) was a translator of Indian texts into Chinese and is said to have reached China in 516. Among the texts he translated include Vasubandhu's ''Viṃśatikā'', Nāgārjuna's ''Vigrahavyāvartanī'' (co-translated with *Vimokṣa Prajñārṣi 毘目智仙), and the ''Saddharmasmṛtyupasthānasūtra'' (T721) ca. A.D. 538–541.
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Khenpo Gawang Rinpoche is the founder and spiritual director of Pema Karpo Meditation Center in Memphis, Tennessee. He holds a khenpo degree after nine years of study at Namdroling Monastery in South India. In April 2006, Khenpo Gawang Rinpoche was formally enthroned as a khenpo by His Holiness Penor Rinpoche and assigned to teach in the West. He came to the United States in 2004 at the invitation of Sakyong Mipham Rinpoche and Shambhala International, and became an American citizen in 2012. He has lived in Memphis, Tennessee since 2007. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Gawang_Rinpoche Source Accessed Sept 9, 2020]) +
Holly Gayley is an Associate Professor in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Colorado, Boulder. Her research focuses on the revitalization of Buddhism in Tibetan areas of the PRC in the post-Maoist period. Dr. Gayley became interested in the academic study of Buddhism through her travels among Tibetan communities in India, Nepal, and China. She completed her Masters in Buddhist Studies at Naropa University in 2000 and Ph.D. at Harvard University in Tibetan and Himalayan Studies in 2009. Dr. Gayley's first book titled ''Love Letters from Golok: A Tantric Couple in Modern Tibet'' came out in November 2016 with Columbia University Press. The book charts the lives and love letters of a contemporary Buddhist tantric couple, Khandro Tāre Lhamo and Namtrul Jigme Phuntsok, who played a significant role in revitalizing Buddhism in eastern Tibet since the 1980s. Examining Buddhist conceptions of gender, agency and healing, this book recovers Tibetan voices in representing their own modern history under Chinese rule and contributes to burgeoning scholarly literature on Buddhist women, minorities in China, and studies of collective trauma.
Dr. Gayley's second project explores the emergence of Buddhist modernism on the Tibetan plateau and a new ethical reform movement spawned by cleric-scholars at Larung Buddhist Academy in Serta. Her recent publications on the topic include "Controversy over Buddhist Ethical Reform: A Secular Critique of Clerical Authority in the Tibetan Blogosphere" (''Himalaya Journal'', 2016), "Non-Violence as a Shifting Signifier on the Tibetan Plateau" (''Contemporary Buddhism'', 2016 with Padma 'tsho), "Reimagining Buddhist Ethics on the Tibetan Plateau (''Journal of Buddhist Ethics'', 2013), and "The Ethics of Cultural Survival: A Buddhist Vision of Progress in Mkhan po 'Jigs phun's Advice to Tibetans of the 21st Century" in ''Mapping the Modern in Tibet'' (International Institute for Tibetan and Buddhist Studies, 2011). ([https://www.colorado.edu/rlst/holly-gayley Source Accessed Jul 21, 2020])
Gayādhara (Skt. kāyastha gayādhara; Tib. ག་ཡ་དྷ་ར་ or སྤྲིན་འཛིན་, Wyl. ga ya d+ha ra or sprin 'dzin) (994-1043) was the teacher of Drokmi Lotsawa. He received the teachings of Virupa, which later became known as Lamdré, from Avadhutipa. He went to Tibet three times. +
Great Dzogchen yogi and practitioner of the Ratna Lingpa (Rat+na gling pa) transmissions. A disciple of Drupwang Tsoknyi and rebirth of both Lingje Repa (Gling rje ras pa) and Guru Thugse Gyalwa Chogyang (Guru thugs sras rgyal ba mchog dbyangs). +
Kyabje Nawang Gehlek Rimpoche (Tibetan: སྐྱབས་རྗེ་དགེ་ལེགས་རིན་པོ་ཆེ།, Wylie: skyabs rje dge legs rin po che/) was a Tibetan Buddhist lama born in Lhasa, Tibet on October 26, 1939. His personal name was Gelek; kyabje and rimpoche, are titles meaning "teacher" (lit., "lord of refuge") and "precious," respectively. He was a tulku, an incarnate lama of Drepung Monastic University, where he received the scholastic degree of Geshe Lharampa, the highest degree given, at the exceptionally young age of 20. The 14th Dalai Lama said "he completed his traditional Buddhist training as a monk in Tibet prior to the Chinese Takeover."
Considered "an important link to the great lineages of Tibet’s great masters, especially of the Geluk school. Known more famously for the Tibetans as Nyakre Khentrul Rinpoche, Rinpoche had been instrumental in reprinting many of the Geluk texts in the 1970s, and also remained an important object of affection for both Kyabje Ling Rinpoche and Kyabje Trijang Rinpoche. Of course, his emergence as one of the great Tibetan teachers in the West has also been a source of inspiration for many.” Gelek Rimpoche was a nephew of the 13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso. He was tutored by many of the same masters who tutored the current 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso.
In 1959, Gelek Rimpoche fled to India from Tibet and gave up monastic life. He was one of the first students of the Young Lamas Home School. He was director of Tibet House in New Delhi, India and a radio host at All India Radio. He conducted over 1000 interviews, compiling an oral history of the fall of Tibet to the Communist Chinese. He was the founder and president of Jewel Heart, "a spiritual, cultural, and humanitarian organization that translates the ancient wisdom of Tibetan Buddhism into contemporary life."
He moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1987 to teach Buddhism. He became an American citizen and founded Buddhist communities in Ann Arbor, Bloomfield Hills, Chicago, Cleveland, Nebraska, New York, Maylaysia and The Netherlands.
Beat-poet Allen Ginsberg was among the more prominent of Jewel Heart's members. Ginsberg met with Gelek Rinpoche through the modern composer Philip Glass in 1989. Allen and Philip jointly staged benefits for the Jewel Heart organization. Professor Robert Thurman, Joe Liozzo, and Glenn Mullin are also Jewel Heart members and frequent lecturers.
Gelek Rinpoche died on February 15, 2017 in Ann Arbor, Michigan after undergoing surgery the previous month. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelek_Rimpoche Source Accessed Aug 25, 2020])
Tenzin Gelek is the co-founder of Latse Project and has served as program officer at Latse. He has extensive experience in program management and leading cross-functional teams. For over 20 years, he has been a trusted advisor to many tech and nonprofit organizations ranging from Google to Tibet House, and he has been an active Dharma translator in New York City and beyond. He is currently Senior Specialist, Himalayan Culture and Art, at the Rubin Museum. ([https://rubinmuseum.org/events/event/from-potala-palace-to-the-rubin-museum Source Accessed Oct 29, 2021]) +
William Gemmell's translation of ''The Diamond Sutra'', first published in 1912, was one of the first books to introduce general readers in the West to Buddhism. It still stands as a refreshing, easy-to-understand look at an ancient and enduring tradition. +
James Gentry is Assistant Professor of Religious Studies. He specializes in Tibetan Buddhism, with particular focus on the literature and history of its Tantric traditions. He is the author of Power Objects in Tibetan Buddhism: The Life, Writings, and Legacy of Sokdokpa Lodrö Gyeltsen, which examines the roles of Tantric material and sensory objects in the lives and institutions of Tibetan and Himalayan Buddhists.
James’s research ranges across Tibetan and Himalayan intellectual history, material culture, contemplative and ritual practice, and scriptural translation, revelation, and canonicity, from the Tibetan imperial period to the present. His current projects include a study of the reception in Tibet from the 9th century to the present of the “Five Protectors” (Pañcarakṣā)—a set of five Indian Tantric Buddhist texts that have been among the most popular scriptures used for pragmatic purposes throughout the Buddhist world. James is also doing a study of a comprehensive literary treatment of Himalayan religious material culture: a 20th century compilation entitled A Treatise on the Paraphernalia and Musical Instruments of the Old School of Secret Mantra. His work on this compilation is directed toward the creation of a multimedia encyclopedia of Tibetan Buddhist material culture for use among scholars, teachers, and students of Asian religions.
Before joining Stanford, James was on the faculty of the University of Virginia. He has also taught at Rangjung Yeshe Institute’s Centre for Buddhist Studies at Kathmandu University, where he served as director of its Master of Arts program in Translation, Textual Interpretation, and Philology. He has also served as editor-in-chief of the project 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, which aims to commission English translations of the Buddhist sūtras, tantras, and commentaries preserved in Tibetan translation and publish them in an online open-access forum (http://84000.co). ([https://religiousstudies.stanford.edu/people/james-gentry Source: Stanford Official Website)
Rupert Mark Lovell Gethin (born 1957, Edinburgh) is Professor of Buddhist Studies in the Department of Theology and Religious Studies and co-director of the Centre for Buddhist Studies at the University of Bristol, and (since 2003) president of the Pali Text Society. He holds a BA in Comparative Religion (1980), a master's degree in Buddhist Studies (1982), and a PhD in Buddhist Studies (1987), all from the University of Manchester. He was appointed Lecturer in Indian Religions by the University of Bristol in 1987, and then Professor In Buddhist Studies in 2009.
His main area of research is the history and development of Buddhist thought and practice in the Nikayas and Abhidhamma. His major publications include ''The Buddhist Path to Awakening'' and ''Sayings of the Buddha: New translations from the Pali Nikayas''. His 1998 book ''The Foundations of Buddhism'' is frequently used in university-level classes on Buddhism in English-speaking countries.
Gethin is a practicing Buddhist. He initially studied meditation in the Samatha Trust organization, which has its roots in the meditation practice of Nai Boonman, a former Thai Theravadan Buddhist monk. Gethin has led a class on mindfulness of breathing in Bristol since the 1990s. ([https://encyclopediaofbuddhism.org/wiki/Rupert_Gethin Source Accessed Mar 16, 2021]) +
Stephen Gethin studied veterinary medicine at Cambridge University, where he was also awarded a choral exhibition. After a number of years in professional practice, he spent much of the 1980s undertaking two three-year retreats in France, where he now lives and, as a founding member of the Padmakara Translation Group, continues to translate. He was a Tsadra Foundation Translation Fellow from 2005 to 2024. His published translations include:
#''[https://www.shambhala.com/nagarjuna-s-letter-to-a-friend-2951.html Nagarjuna’s Letter to a Friend]'', Shambhala 2005.
#''[https://www.shambhala.com/zurchungpa-s-testament-9781559394925.html Zurchungpa’s Testament]'', by Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. Shambhala, 2006.
#''[https://www.shambhala.com/a-garland-of-views-3420.html A Garland of Views: A Guide to View, Meditation, and Result in the Nine Vehicles]''. Jamgön Mipham’s commentary on Padmasambhava’s ''Garland of Views'', Shambhala, 2015.
#Dudjom Rinpoche’s ''[https://www.shambhala.com/a-torch-lighting-the-way-to-freedom-3665.html A Torch Lighting the Way to Freedom: Complete Instructions on the Preliminary Practices].'' Shambhala, 2016.
#''[https://www.shambhala.com/a-feast-of-the-nectar-of-the-supreme-vehicle.html A Feast of the Nectar of the Supreme Vehicle]'' (The ''Mahāyāna-sūtrālaṃkāra'' with commentary by Mipham), Shambhala, 2018.
#''[https://www.shambhala.com/a-chariot-to-freedom-15692.html A Chariot to Freedom: Guidance From the Great Masters on the Vajrayāna Preliminary Practices]''. A detailed preliminary practice commentary by Shechen Gyaltsap. Shambhala, 2021.
#''[https://www.shambhala.com/mahasiddha-practice-9781611808933.html Mahasiddha Practice: From Mitrayogin and Other Masters]''. Volume 15 of Jamgön Kongtrul’s ''Treasury of Precious Instructions''. Shambhala, 2021.
#''[https://www.shambhala.com/awakening-wisdom-9781645471639.html Awakening Wisdom: Heart Advice on the Fundamental Practices of Vajrayana Buddhism]'' by Pema Wangyal. Shambhala, 2023.
#''[https://www.shambhala.com/the-natural-openness-and-freedom-of-the-mind.html The Natural Openness and Freedom of the Mind]''. Khangsar Tenpai'i Wangchuk's Collected Works. Shambhala, 2024.
#''The Cloudless Sky''. Khangsar Tenpai'i Wangchuk's Collected Works.
#''The Aspiration to the Excellent Way''. Khangsar Tenpai'i Wangchuk's Collected Works.
He also collaborated on a number of translations, including
*[[A Flash of Lightning in the Dark of Night]] by the Dalai Lama. Shambhala, 1993.
*[[Wisdom: Two Buddhist Commentaries]] by Khenchen Kunzang Pelden and Minyak Kunzang Sönam. Editions Padmakara, 1993.
*[[The Words of My Perfect Teacher]] by Patrul Rinpoche. HarperCollins, 1994.
*[[A Guide to The Words of My Perfect Teacher]] by Khenpo Ngawang Pelzang. Shambhala, 2004.
He is currently working on finishing several translations in the series of Khangsar Tenpai'i Wangchuk's Collected Works, which is forthcoming from Shambhala Publications. (Source: Tsadra Foundation)
Pratāpacandra Ghoṣa, also known as Pratapchandra Ghosh, was a Bengali poet and writer from the 19th century. He is best known for his contributions to Bengali literature, particularly in the field of poetry. Ghosh was active during the Bengal Renaissance, a period of significant cultural and intellectual transformation in Bengal.<br>
Pratāpacandra Ghoṣa published a heroic Sanskrit edition (1902–13) of the first section (''khaṇḍa'') of the [''Śatasāhasrikāprajñāpāramitā''] ''Hundred Thousand'' that runs to 1,676 pages. ([https://read.84000.co/translation/toh10.html?id=&part=introduction Adapted from Source Oct 7, 2022]) +
