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Arindam Chakrabarti is an Indian philosopher who is a professor of philosophy at Ashoka University, India. He is the disciple of Sri Sri Sitaramdas Omkarnath. He earned his B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of Calcutta in 1976 and 1978, respectively. He completed DPhil at Oxford University in 1982, under the supervision of Sir Peter Strawson and Michael Dummett. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arindam_Chakrabarti Source Accessed Mar 10, 2026]) +
Niranjan Prasad Chakravarti OBE (1 July 1893 – 19 October 1956) was an Indian archaeologist who served as Chief epigraphist to the Government of India in 1934 to 1940 and as Director-general of the Archaeological Survey of India from 1948 to 1950.
Chakravarti was born on 1 July 1893 at Krishnanagar in the Nadia district of Bengal Presidency, India. After graduation, he served as lecturer of Sanskrit and Pali at the University of Calcutta. After working at Sorbonne in Paris and Berlin universities on a scholarship in 1921, Chakravarti went to the United Kingdom and obtained a doctorate from the University of Cambridge in 1926.
Chakravarti returned to India in 1929 and joined as Assistant Superintendent for Epigraphy at Ootacamund. In 1934, he was promoted to the post of Chief Epigraphist for the Government of India. In 1940, he was promoted to Deputy Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India becoming Joint Director-General in 1945. In 1948, Chakravarti succeeded Mortimer Wheeler as the Director General of the ASI serving in his position till 1950.
Following his retirement, Chakravarti was appointed advisor to the Department of Archaeology, Government of India and served till 1952. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N._P._Chakravarti Source Accessed Apr 18, 2022]) +
Prof. Lokesh Chandra (born 11 April 1927) is a prominent scholar of the Vedic period, Buddhism and the Indian arts. He was the president of Indian Council for Cultural Relations during 2014–2017. He has also served as a member of the Indian Rajya Sabha, Vice-President of the Indian Council for Cultural Relations, and Chairman of the Indian Council of Historical Research. In 2006 he was conferred with Padma Bhushan by the Indian Government.<br>
He is the son of the famous Sanskrit scholar, linguist and politician Raghu Vira. After obtaining a master's degree at the University of the Punjab in Lahore in 1947, he edited the Gavamayana portion of the Vedic work Jaiminiya Brahmana with the help of newly discovered manuscripts. Chandra went to the Netherlands to study Old Javanese with the Indologist Jan Gonda at Utrecht University, where he obtained a Ph.D. with the dissertation ''Jaiminiya Brahmana of the Samaveda II.1-80'' in March 1950. Among them are classics like his ''Tibetan-Sanskrit Dictionary'', ''Materials for a History of Tibetan Literature'', ''Buddhist Iconography of Tibet'', and his ''Dictionary of Buddhist Art'' in about 20 volumes. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lokesh_Chandra Source Accessed Apr 2, 2021]) +
Garma Chen-Chi Chang was Emeritus Professor of Religious Studies at the Pennsylvania State University and a renowned Buddhist scholar. His books include ''The Buddhist Teaching of Totality'' and ''The Practice of Zen'', as well as his English translation of the Tibetan classic, ''The 100,000 Songs of Milarepa''. ([https://www.psupress.org/books/titles/0-271-00341-3.html Source Accessed May 20, 2021]) +
Bella Chao received her MA from Rangjung Yeshe Institute in 2023. Her thesis is titled "Sakya Paṇḍita's ''Ritual for Generating the Mind According to the Madhyamaka Tradition'' (''Dbu ma lugs kyi sems bskyed kyi cho ga'')." She received a Study Scholarship from Tsadra Foundation in 2021. +
Claire Charasse is a Tibetan translator known for her contributions to the translation of Tibetan Buddhist texts into English and French. She has been involved in translating works related to Buddhist tenets and philosophy, such as ''The Views of the Tenets'' (''Grub mtha'i lta ba''), a text that explores the fundamental principles of Buddhist thought, and ''The Thirty-Seven Practices of a Bodhisattva'' by Thogs med bzang po. (Generated by Perplexity Mar 11, 2025) +
Christian Charrier holds a Masters degree in English and a diploma in psycholinguistics. He was a translator for Geshe Tengye in France, and he completed a three-year retreat under Lama Gendun Rinpoche in le Bost, France. He has been a translation consultant for Tsadra Foundation from 2002–2003 and has been a Tsadra Foundation Fellow since 2004.
'''Current Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow:'''<br>
1) ''Le Fruit final'': mThar phyin 'bras bu'i rang bzhin rim par phye ba, vol. 10 of the TOK / vol. 6 in the French series. By Jamgön Kongtrul.
2) ''La Pratique des tantras'': sKabs gsum pa: gSang sngags rdo rje theg pa'i sgom rim rgyud gtso bor byed pa sphyir bstan pa'i skabs, vol. 8.3 of the TOK and vol. 5 in the French series. By Jamgön Kongtrul.
3) ''Les Terres et les voies'', TOK volume 4 (in French). By Jamgön Kongtrul.
'''Completed Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow:'''<br>
*''Marpa, maître de Milarépa, sa vie, ses chants'', Tsang Nyeun Hérouka
*''Vie de Jamgœun Kongtrul, écrite par lui-même'', Jamgön Kongtrul
*''L’Ondée de sagesse, Chants de la lignée Kagyu'', Karmapa Mikyeu Dorje, Tènpai Nyinjé
*''Rayons de lune, Les étapes de la méditation du Mahamudra'', Dakpo Tashi Namgyal
*''Au Coeur du ciel Vol I and II'', Pawo Rinpoche, the Eighth Karmapa Mikyö Dorje (from the English translation by Karl Brunnhölzl – ''The Centre of the Sunlit Sky'')
*''Lumière de diamant'', de Dakpo Tashi Namgyal
*''Mémoires: La Vie et l’œuvre de Jamgön Kongtrul'', by Jamgön Kongtrul, new edition
*''Traité de la Continuité suprême du Grand Véhicule - Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra, avec le commentaire de Jamgön Kongtrul Lodreu Thayé L'Incontestable Rugissement du lion''. Plazac: Éditions Padmakara, 2019.
*''Les Systèmes Philosophiques Bouddhistes'', Éditions Padmakara, 2020. Jamgön Kongtrul.
*''Les Tantras bouddhistes'', Éditions Padmakara, 2022. Jamgön Kongtrul.
'''Previously Published Translations:'''<br>
*''Kalachakra'', Dalai Lama
*''La Roue aux lames acérées'', Dharmarakshita, commentary by Geshé Tengyé
*''La Voie progressive vers l’éveil'', Jé Tsong Khapa ([http://tsadra-wp.tsadra.org/translators/christian-charrier/ Source: Tsadra.org])
Kyabjé Chatral Rinpoche, Sangye Dorje (Tib. བྱ་བྲལ་སངས་རྒྱས་རྡོ་རྗེ་, Wyl. bya bral sangs rgyas rdo rje) (1913–2015) was a renowned Dzogchen master, a reclusive yogin famous for his great realization and strict discipline. A disciple of the great master Khenpo Ngakchung, he was widely regarded as one of the most highly realized Dzogchen yogins of recent times. In addition to his relationship with Khenpo Ngakchung, Chatral Rinpoche also studied with some of the last century's most renowned masters, including Dudjom Rinpoche, Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö, and the famed dakini, Sera Khandro. Rinpoche was one of the primary lineage holders of the Longchen Nyingtik, and in particular the lineage that descends through Jigme Lingpa's heart son Jikmé Gyalwé Nyugu and then on to Patrul Rinpoche.
Though his main lineage is the Longchen Nyingtik, Chatral Rinpoche was also closely associated with the Dudjom Tersar lineage. He was empowered as the regent of Kyabjé Dudjom Rinpoche and passed on this lineage to this master's reincarnation, who lives primarily in central Tibet.
Chatral Rinpoche shunned institutional and political involvement his whole life, choosing instead to live the life of a wandering yogin. A lay yogin, he was also greatly concerned with maintaining strict discipline in the context of the Dzogchen view. He was especially well known for his advocacy of vegetarianism and his yearly practice of ransoming the lives of thousands of animals in India. In addition to his emphasis on the union of view and conduct, Rinpoche also stressed the practice of retreat. He established numerous retreat centers throughout the Himalayas, including in Pharping, Yolmo and Darjeeling.
He passed into parinirvana in Yangleshö in Nepal on December 30th, 2015, at the age of 102. He had two daughters, Tara Devi and Saraswati (recognised as a tulku of Sera Khandro), with his wife Sangyum Kamala. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Chatral_Sangye_Dorje Source Accessed Feb 11, 2025])
Mahamahopadhyaya Yogacharya Dr Ashoke Kumar Chatterjee . . . was born in 1933 in West Bengal. . . . He received initiation in Kriyayoga in April 1961. He reached the pinnacle of Kriyayoga within a short span.
His three Gurus were stalwarts in this discipline. His first Guru was Sri Annada Charan Shastri (Bhattacharya) disciple of Panchanan Bhattacharya, an elevated disciple of Yogiraj Sri Shama Churn Lahiree. After Sastriji’s demise, Dr Chatterjee obtained initiation from Sundarlal Lalaji of Varanasi, disciple of Harinarayan Paladhi, who was the disciple of Yogiraj and later from Sri Satyacharan Lahiri, grandson of Yogiraj.
Today Mahamahopadhyaya Yogacharya Dr Ashoke Kumar Chatterjee is acknowledged as a World Kriyayoga Master. Being an ardent devotee of Sanatana Dharma Polestar, Yogiraj Shama Churn Lahiree and to propagate His ideals and tenets before the masses so that they derive the right path, the right enlightenment, he has penned many books in Bengali, illustrating the science of Kriyayoga. Most of his books have been published in Indian languages like Hindi, Oriya, Telugu, Marathi, Gujarati, Tamil, and Malayalam. ‘Purana Purusha Yogiraj Sri Shama Churn Lahiree’ has been published in French also. His other book ‘Who is this Shama Churn?’ is published in English. He has authored quite a number of articles delineating the science hence rationality of Kriyayoga.
He has authored several books, poems, detailing the life, ideals, precepts, sadhana realisations of Yogiraj and expounded the innate significance of Prana, dharma and God concept. His writings have unfolded a new chapter on Indology.
He has founded Spiritual Centres for Kriyayoga revived by Yogiraj Shamachurn – at Kakdwip & Bankura (in West Bengal), Degaon (Near Pune, in Maharashtra), Hyderabad with the objective that mankind can derive the Kriyayoga revived by Yogiraj.
He has organized philanthropic activities through this Mission. To further Yogiraj-consciousness he has travelled throughout India and many places in Orient and Occident. People irrespective of caste, creed, colour, nation, language, Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Buddhists, Jains, untouchables, renouncers, are all coming under his aegis and are finding in him their haven and panacea for all evils. He has large following throughout India and abroad like USA, England, France, Spain, Canada, Australia, South Korea, Bangladesh etc.
Mahamahopadhyaya Yogacharya Dr. Ashoke Kumar Chatterjee was invited as sole representative from India to participate and mediate in the Parliament of World Religions held at Val St. Hugon, France in 1997 convened by Dalai Lama and sponsored by UNO, UNESCO, UNCHR. At this Parliament of World Religions, he upheld the tenets of Sanatana yogadharma to the world with a clarion voice. His brilliant exegesis on the subject of love, peace and solidarity – ‘ONE GOD, ONE RELIGION, ONE WORLD, ONE MAN’ at The Parliament of World Religions received tumultuous applause. French newspapers commented on him to be ‘wise worthy dignified sage’ ‘a seer’ a visionary’ etc.
Moreover, he has been conferred the prestigious Honoris Causa (MAHAMAHOPADHYAYA) by Tirupati Sanskrit University, Tirupati at their 16th Annual Convocation for His inimitable contribution to Indology for six decades. In addition in December 2012, he was conferred the Lifetime Achievement Award at the 1st World Parliament of Spirituality held in Hyderabad. ([https://kriyayogablogs.wordpress.com/drakc/ Source Accessed Mar 9, 2021])
Heramba Chatterjee Śāstri is Professor and Head of the Department of Pāli, Sanskrit College, Calcutta. +
Dr. Mrs. Alaka Chattopadhyaya obtained her doctorate degrèe of the Calcutta University with her highly acclaimed work based on Tibetan sources published with the title ''Atisa and Tibet''. By
profession she was until recently the principal of the Vidyasagar College of Women, Calcutta. Her other published works include the translation (in Bengali) of the ''Caturasitisiddha-pravrtti''—life of
the 84 Siddhacaryas available hithertobefore only in its Tibetan version, besides many other Tibetan studies. She has extensively toured abroad, delivering lectures in [the] USSR, China, Oxford, Cambridge, Budapast and other places. (Source: inside jacket, ''Tāranātha's History of Buddhism in India'') +
Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya (the editor) is M.A., D.Ltt. of the Calcutta University, Honorary D.Sc. of the Moscow Academy of Sciences, Member of the German Academy of Sciences. Besides working as Visiting Professor at various universities, he is the author of a considerable number of works on Indian Philosophy and Science inclusive of many that are published abroad in Russian, Chinese,
Japanese, German and other languages. Currently, he is elected National Fellow of the Indian Council of Philosophical Research, though he is also working in an honorary capacity as a Guest Scientist of National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies (a constituent
establishment of CSIR). (Source: inside jacket, ''Tāranātha's History of Buddhism in India'', 1990) +
Angraj Chaudhary was appointed Professor of Pāli at the Nava Nalanda Mahavihara University in the Indian State of Bihar in 1980. Besides teaching English and Pāli, the professor carried out research and editing work, and guided MA, PhD, and D. Litt students in their research. Soon after retirement from Bihar Education Service in 1992 the professor joined Vipassana Research Institute at Dhamma Giri, established by our late Vipassana Teacher S.N. Goenka.
Based at Dhamma Giri, the professor has worked on editing Pāli books and translating some of the Pāli atthakathas, or commentaries, (written 1500 year ago but not translated into any other language) into Hindi for the first time. The Professor has also transliterated some of the Pāli atthakathas into Devanagari script and he was one of the editors who edited the Pāli Tipiṭaka with its atthakathas, tikas (sub-commentaries), and anutikas in Devanagari script in 140 volumes for the first time-a Himalayan task never undertaken anywhere in the whole world.
From the various books he published, mostly on different aspects of Buddhist philosophy and Pāli literature, the Pariyatti Edition ''Aspects of Buddha-Dhamma'' is his latest. ([https://store.pariyatti.org/chaudhary-angraj?_gl=1*1d2aaft*_gcl_au*MTM4NDI0NDg2MC4xNzAwMDkzNDE3 Source Accessed Nov 15, 2023]) +
Émmanuel-Édouard Chavannes (5 October 1865–29 January 1918) was a French sinologist and expert on Chinese history and religion, and is best known for his translations of major segments of Sima Qian's ''Records of the Grand Historian'', the work's first ever translation into a Western language.
Chavannes was a prolific and influential scholar, and was one of the most accomplished Sinologists of the modern era notwithstanding his relatively early death at age 52 in 1918. A successor of 19th century French sinologists Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat and Stanislas Julien, Chavannes was largely responsible for the development of Sinology and Chinese scholarship into a respected field in the realm of French science. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Chavannes Source Accessed Apr 21, 2022]) +
Tulku Urgyen Chemchog (1915?-2003?) was one of the closest disciples of Khenpo Ngawang Palzang and a disciple of Dudjom Rinpoche, Jigdral Yeshe Dorje. He was able to teach quite a few disciples in secret while spending twenty years in Chinese labor camps in Tibet. After being freed, he lived and taught in Konjo province. After his passing away, his body shrank to the size of an arm's length, a phenomenon considered to be similar, though not identical, to the achievement of
the rainbow body. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond). See also his biography on [http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Gojo_Orgyen_Chemchok Rigpa Wiki]. +
Joie Chen, a volunteer for 84000, supports the Communications team as a frequent host of the 84000 in Conversation and Teachings on Sūtra web-based series.
She is a PhD candidate in Buddhist Studies at Harvard University, where her research looks at the confluence of various modes of learnedness in Tibetan Buddhism, in particular how the language and visual arts play into the formation of a learned Buddhist person. She holds a BA in Film Studies and English from Yale University and an MPhil in Tibetan and Himalayan Studies from the University of Oxford. ([https://84000.co/team/joie-chen Source Accessed Feb 18, 2026]) +
Shu-hui Jennifer Chen completed her doctorate in Buddhist studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1998. According to her dissertation, her major advisor was Professor Gudrun Biihnemann. She also worked closely with Professor Minoru Kiyota, who introduced her to the topic of tathāgatagarbha. In addition, she also worked with Professor Tsai-fa Cheng, Professor Geshe Sopa, and Professor Muhammad Memon. +
Fung Kei Cheng is a Doctoral Candidate in the Department of Social Work and Social Administration at The University of Hong Kong. +
Samten Chhosphel earned his PhD from CIHTS in India where he served as the head of Publication Dept. for 26 years. He has a Master’s degree in Writing and Publishing from Emerson College, Boston. Currently he is an adjunct Assistant Professor at the City University of New York, and Language Associate in Columbia University, NY. ([https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Chekhawa-Yeshe-Dorje/5791 Source Accessed Nov. 5, 2025]) +
Dr. Gloria (I-Ling) Chien is an Associate Professor of Religious Studies at Gonzaga University.
Before coming to Gonzaga in 2017, she taught courses in Buddhism, Eastern Religions, and Religion and Film at Virginia Commonwealth University.
She conducts bibliographic analysis of the Tibetan Buddhist master Tokmé Zangpo's (1295–1369) biographies and Collected Works in order to shed light on the cultural legacy of Tibetan Buddhist ''Lojong'' (mind training) meditation tradition. Her research has taken her to Nepal, India, China, and Tibet. Inspired by her research, she became a certified instructor in the Cognitively-Based Compassion Training® contemplation program developed at Emory University. In the spring of 2018, she taught a CBCT® course entitled “Compassion Meditation and Happiness” to promote emotional well-being in Gonzaga’s students and to enlarge their ethical considerations of others. This course was funded by the Office of the Dean at the College of Arts and Sciences. Her publication based on this course is featured in this GU news article. Dr. Chien’s peer-reviewed articles concern topics such as Tokmé Zangpo’s life and Collected Works, Ignatian pedagogy, teaching Buddhism in higher education, and Chinese religions in film.
To promote scholarly discussion on teaching Buddhism, she established and co-chairs the Buddhist Pedagogy Seminar at the American Academy of Religion (2019–2023). She is the recipient of 2019–20 Faculty Award for Teaching Excellence for Tenure-Track Faculty at GU. Upon request, she became the advisor of the student meditation club in 2021. Information on the club can be found in the Gonzaga Bulletin. To bring her scholarship and specialties to the general public, Dr. Chien has led several contemplation sessions for various groups, such as for the ZoNE Essential Skills Series and the Spokane Public Library. ([https://www.gonzaga.edu/academics/faculty-listing/detail/gloria-i-ling-chien-phd-bed21c41 Source Accessed Feb 25, 2025]) +
