Property:TolExcerpt
From Bodhicitta
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Jikten Gonpo Rinchen Pel ('jig rten mgon po rin chen dpal) is credited with the founding of Drigung Til Monastery in 1179 and the establishment of the Drigung Kagyu tradition. He was a close disciple of Pakmodrupa and briefly administered Densatil following Pakmodrupa's death. His close disciple was [[Sherab Jungne]].
He was born to an illustrious clan called the Kyura (skyu ra) at a town in Kham called Tsungu (tsu ngu), in 1123. He studied with teachers from many traditions and completed many years of retreat, after which he took monastic vows in 1177...
"...Jikten Gonpo and his Drigung lineage are best known for the set of teachings known as ''The Five Profound Paths of Mahāmudrā'' (''phyag chen lnga ldan''). Some of his sayings were collected by [[Sherab Jungne]] into what is known as the ''[[Single Intention]]'' (''dgongs gcig''), teachings of a profoundly philosophical character further developed in commentarial works written in the following generation. Some of Jikten Gonpo's teachings were collected by yet another disciple into what is known as the ''Heart of the Great Vehicle's Teachings'' (''theg chen bstan pa'i snying po'')..." +
Won Sherab Jungne was the compiler and author of the core texts of the ''Single Intention''. A philosophical cycle that revolves around key statements made by Jigten Gonpo, it is still regarded as a one of the main teachings of the Drigung Kagyu lineage. It is for this and for his important biography of his teacher that he is best known today. +
Drokmi Lotsāwa Śākya Yeshe ('brog mi lo tsA ba shAkya ye shes) was a member of the Ban (ban) branch of the Drokmi ('brog mi) clan. Little is known about his early life, but his year of birth is given as 992. He traveled to India and Nepal, learned Sanskrit, and then studied grammar, epistemology, writing, astrology, and tantra. In Tibet and Nepal, he translated nearly seventy tantric texts with South Asian Buddhist masters such as Gayādhara, Prajñendraruci, also known as Viravajra, the Ceylonese yogini Candramāla, Ratnavajra, Ratnaśrīimitra and possibly Prajñāgupta as well.
His two most important teachers were Gayadhāra and Prajñendraruci under whom he studied the Lamdre (''lam 'bras'') teachings, and the ''Hevajra Tantra'' together with its explanatory tantras, the ''Vajrapanjara'' and ''Samputa'', collectively known as the ''Kyedor Gyusum'' (''kye rdor rgyud gsum'').
In Tibet he is said to have taught Sanskrit to Marpa Chokyi Lodro (mar pa chos kyi blo gros, 1002/1012-1097). He stayed at the Mugulung cave complex (mu gu lung) with his students and his consort Lhachamchik (lha lcam gcig), also known as Dzeden Wochak (mdzes ldan 'od chags), a princess of Lhatse (lha rtse). +
Dromtonpa Gyelwa Jungne was one of the primary disciples of Atiśa and is considered the founder of the Kadampa school of Tibetan Buddhism. A layman, he nevertheless established Reting Monastery in 1057, one of the great centers of the Kadampa tradition. +
Drukpa Kunle was an itinerant, homeless yogin in the tradition of Milarepa, who spent his life wandering through south-central Tibet and throughout the areas known today as Bhutan and Sikkim, singing songs and promoting his own unusual brand of Buddhism. A profoundly learned and penetratingly insightful social critic, his career as a "divine madman" gave rise to a rich tradition of folk tales celebrating his antinomian behavior, particularly in Bhutan, where he is credited with the popularization of phallic imagery. +
Chekhawa Yeshe Dorje was a Kadampa teacher and an expert in the Zhungpa tradition, and the principal disciple of Sharawa. He founded Chekha Monastery in Meldro in 1141. +
Go Chodrub was a Tibetan translator of Chinese and Sanskrit texts, including the ''Laṅkāvatārasūtra'' and the Korean monk Woncheuk's ''Saṃdhinirmocanasūtra'' commentary. Possibly born in Tsang, he was based in Dunhuang during the first half of the ninth century. +
Pakpa Lodro Gyeltsen was the fifth of the Five Sakya Patriarchs, the men credited with having established the foundation of the Sakya tradition. His father was Sonam Gyeltsen, the younger brother of the great scholar Sakya Paṇḍita Kunga Gyeltsen. He went to Godan Khan’s court with Sakya Paṇḍita as a boy, and went on to play a central role in Tibetan relations with Khubilai Khan and the Mongol rulers of the Yuan Dynasty. Sakya became the capital of Mongolian-ruled Tibet, and using funds from the new Yuan state Pakpa built the Lhakhang Chenmo at Sakya, establishing what is commonly known as Sakya Monastery. He and Sakya Paṇḍita are also credited with developing a written script so that Buddhist texts could be translated into Mongolian, which had previously not been written. This is named Pakpa Script in his honor. +
Jamyang Zhepai Dorje, the First Jamyang Zhepa, was a noted scholar and prominent Geluk lama, a self-styled defender of Geluk orthodoxy against syncretic and ecumenical trends in the tradition. A native of Amdo, he was educated at Drepung and Gyume monasteries, later serving as abbot of Drepung Gomang Monastery and composing most of the texts for its monastic curriculum. During his tenure he was a staunch supporter of Lhazang Khan and an opponent of Desi Sanggye Gyatso, the Fifth Dalai Lama's regent. Having gained fame in Lhasa, he returned to Amdo in 1709 and founded Labrang Tashikhyil, which grew to become one of the major Geluk monasteries in the Tibetan region. He later established a Tantric school there and also at Gonlung Jampa Ling. +
Jamyang Choje Tashi Pelden, a close disciple of Tsongkhapa, founded Drepung Monastery in 1416. He composed the ''Secret Biography of Tsongkhapa''. +
Dezhung Chopel Jamyang Kunga Namgyel was the fifth abbot of Khamshe College, from 1935 to 1940. +
A disciple of Lorepa, Jamyang Gonpo was the main transmitter of the Lower Drukpa school. He was also an important teacher of the Chod tradition. +
Dzongsar Khyentse Chokyi Lodro was one of the most influential religious teachers in Kham in the first half of the twentieth century. One of multiple reincarnations of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, he served as head of Dzongsar Monastery, which he enlarged, founding the monastic college, Khamshe, in 1918. Chokyi Lodro fled Kham in 1955 during the Communist takeover of Tibet, settling in Sikkim, where he passed away in 1959. +
Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo was one of the most prominent lamas of the nineteenth century of any tradition. He is said to have received teachings from over one hundred and fifty lamas of all traditions and served as teacher to most of the lamas of Kham in the second half of the nineteenth century. From his seat at Dzongsar Monastery in Derge, a branch of Ngor, he traveled twice to Tibet, and endlessly traversed Kham teaching and performing religious rituals. He famously worked closely with Jamgon Kongtrul and Chokgyur Lingpa, at the center of a religious revival the effects of which are still being felt. He was involved with the creation of Jamgon Kongtrul’s “Five Treasuries” and assisted Chokgyur Lingpa with the production of most of his treasures, authorizing and providing the organization of the revelations. He was a treasure revealer in his own right, included by Jamgon Kongtrul as the last in a list of “five kingly treasure revealers.” +
Jamgön Kongtrul is often described as one of the greatest scholars in the history of Tibet. A Karma Kagyu lama and model of rimay ecumenical activity, he collaborated closely with the Sakya lama Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and the Nyingma treasure revealer Chokgyur Lingpa, in the opening of sacred sites and the revelation of treasure. His prodigious literary output, categorized as the Five Treasuries, cover the entire range of Tibetan Buddhist theory and ritual as well as numerous other topics, and preserved scores of Tibetan religious traditions that were at the time in danger of being lost. Based primarily at Pelpung Monastery, in Derge in eastern Tibet, he built the nearby hermitage of Tsadra Rinchen Drak, which became his personal seat. Multiple incarnation lines were recognized after his death, including the main Jamgön Kongtrul line, based at Pelpung, the Dzokchen Kongtrul line and the Dzigar Kongtrul line. Kalu Rinpoche Karma Rangjung Kunkhyab (kar lu rin po che karma rang byung kun khyab, 1905-1989), was identified as the activity incarnation of Jamgon Kongtrul and was based at Tsadra Rinchen Drak. +
Jigme Lingpa was one of the most influential treasure revealers of the Nyingma tradition, best known for his Longchen Nyingtik treasury cycle. Active in in the eighteenth century in the Chonggye region, primarily at Pelri Monastery, and at the Chimpu cave complex above Samye Monastery, he received patronage from the king and queen of Derge, helping to promote Nyingma teachings in that kingdom and training many of the prominent Nyingma lamas from the Kham region, including the First Dodrubchen. +
A
Sherab Gyatso, the secretary of the Third Jamyang Zhepa, was a highly respected scholar based at Labrang Tashikhyil. +
B
Dudjom Lingpa was an influential nineteenth-century treasure revealer. Known as an eccentric mystic, he composed around twenty-one volumes of writings, yet in his life never established close institutional affiliations. Through his many students and descendants, his lineage eventually spread all over the world and his revealed treasure teaching continue to be widely practiced. Dudjom Jikdrel Yeshe Dorje is considered his reincarnation. +
Sonam Gyeltsen was a prolific author, although many of his writings were never printed. Most famously, he was the author of the genealogy, Gyal rab sal ba'i me long (rgyal rabs sal ba'i me long), commonly translated as The Clear Mirror: A Royal Genealogy. He wrote on various tantric subjects, particularly the Kālacakratantra, and composed a commentary on Shantideva's Bodhicaryāvatāra. His influential writings on the Lamdre (lam 'bras) tradition were collected in a volume called the Lamdre Ponak (lam 'bras pod nag), one of the first major written works on Lamdre. He also sponsored the first edition of the collected works of the Five Patriarchs of Sakya (sa skya gong ma lnga). +
Sonam Tsemo, the son of Sachen Kunga Nyingpo, was the second of the five founding patriarchs of the Sakya tradition. He was also the fourth Sakya Trizin at Sakya Monastery, although he served as active head of the monastery for only a few years. +
