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|jumbo-text=In the ninth chapter of the ''Bodhicaryāvatāra'', Śāntideva gives a thorough primer on the view of the Middle Way philosophy and its style of argumentation against what it deems to be lower or flawed positions. Known simply as the Wisdom Chapter, Prajñāpariccheda (''shes rab le'u''), this is by far the most famous, yet contentious, chapter of the treatise, and the extensive commentarial literature it spawned became the source of numerous debates in the Tibetan tradition. | |jumbo-text=In the ninth chapter of the ''Bodhicaryāvatāra'', Śāntideva gives a thorough primer on the view of the Middle Way philosophy and its style of argumentation against what it deems to be lower or flawed positions. Known simply as the Wisdom Chapter, Prajñāpariccheda (''shes rab le'u''), this is by far the most famous, yet contentious, chapter of the treatise, and the extensive commentarial literature it spawned became the source of numerous debates in the Tibetan tradition. | ||
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|term=Prajñā | |||
|definition=One of the key terms for wisdom or knowledge, most often having the sense of insight, transcendent knowledge, or perhaps gnosis. In some contexts it can also refer to cognition or intellectual understanding. | |||
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Śāntideva spends much of the Wisdom Chapter engaged in a sort of mock debate with the various philosophies of ancient India. In terms of non-Buddhist Indian philosophical systems, the Samkhya is his most frequent target, but he also frequently targets the views of the Naiyayika, Vaiśeśika, and the Carvaka. | |||
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|term=Madhyamaka | |term=Madhyamaka | ||
|definition=The Middle Way school is one of the two major philosophical schools of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Founded by Nāgārjuna around the second century CE, it is rooted in the Prajñāpāramitā Sūtras, though its initial exposition was presented in Nāgārjuna's ''Mūlamadhyamakakārikā''. A proponent of the Madhyamaka philosophy is known as a Mādhyamika. | |definition=The Middle Way school is one of the two major philosophical schools of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Founded by Nāgārjuna around the second century CE, it is rooted in the Prajñāpāramitā Sūtras, though its initial exposition was presented in Nāgārjuna's ''Mūlamadhyamakakārikā''. A proponent of the Madhyamaka philosophy is known as a Mādhyamika. | ||